The rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (L.), is one of the most important pests of Climber or Rambler roses in parks and urban green spaces. In this study, the effect of foliar application of plant growth regulator, Salicylic acid, on some biological parameters of rose aphid and changes in the amount of secondary compounds of rose plant; was investigated in the greenhouse collection of flower and plant organization of parks and green space in Kerman city. The experiment was performed with three treatments distilled water (as a control), salicylic acid 0.7 mM and salicylic acid 1.4mM. Spraying of treatments were carried out twice, at 14 day intervals on rose plants. Then, the above mentioned researches was performed 48 hours after second spraying. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. According to the obtained results, the shortest nymphiposition period and reproductive potential of aphid were significantly recorded on salicylic acid 1.4 mM (13. 26 days and 17.77 nymphs, respectively); whereas the longest of these parameters were recorded on control (25.86 days and 63.00 nymphs respectively). Moreover, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of this aphid was observed on control treatment (0.298 day-1), salicylic acid 0.7 mM (0.224 day-1) and salicylic acid 1.4 mM (0.202 day-1) significantly decreased. The results of GC / Mass extract of leaves and end bud of rose showed that the amount of squalene (from Teriterpenoids group) on control, salicylic acid 0.7 mM and salicylic acid 1.4 mM treatments were 7.65, 26.90 and 30.89% respectively. Also phythol, which is a diterpene alcoholic compound of plants, was higher in control treatment compared to others. 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-1-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl) ethanone (from Flavonoids group) was also estimated to be 19.19% in plant extract after application of salicylic acid 1.4 mM. The results obtained in the present study revealed that salicylic acid can affect the secondary metabolites of the plant and thus decrease the growth of the population of this pest on the roses. According to our findings, different concentrations of salicylic acid could be valuable in the induction resistance of roses cultivars to M. rosae.