بررسی حساسیت ارقام آبی و دیم گندم در واکنش به نماتد سیستی غلات Heterodera filipjevi

Bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L. is a major staple food for the world’s population. Cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera filipjevi is a soil-dwelling phytoparasitic nematode worldwide, which has a wider distribution than other species in Iran. In this research, the response of 30 irrigated and 13 rainfed wheat cultivars to cereal cyst nematode, H. filipjevi was investigated in the greenhouse and field in the form of statistical design. Identification of specie was performed based on morphological and morphometric studies and molecular characteristics. The number of cysts, second stage juveniles and eggs were analyzed. Also, reproductive factors and percentage reduction and or increase in nematode population were taken into consideration. Statistical and clustered analysis data were carried out by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT), SAS and SPSS statistical softwares, respectively. The results showed that in greenhouse conditions, the lowest amount of cysts per 200 cc of soil was among the cultivars Behrang followed Bam with an average of 15 and 15.25, respectively. In the field conditions, the lowest number of cyst was related to Bam cultivar with an average of 113.33 in 200 cc of soil. The screening of wheat accessions resulted in identifying the cultivars as resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and highly susceptible to H. filipjevi. The infection rate and the number of females and cysts per plant were significantly lower in the resistant accession cvs Bam and Behrang and three moderately resistant accessions Bahar, Parsi, Pishtaz and few others compared with susceptible control cv. Back Cross Roshan respectively. The highest number of cyst in greenhouse and field conditions related to Azar 2 cultivar was 30.75 and 447.67 in 200 cc of soil, respectively. There was 30% more infection in rainfed cultivars to cereal cyst nematodes, H. filipjevi than irrigated cultivars. Also, the regression analysis revealed no correlation between the total cyst numbers and number of eggs and second instar juveniles J2 in all wheat accessions. It’s Indicating that, in addition to cyst numbers, the number of eggs and second instar juveniles are to be taken into considerations for resistant screening. This study has identified two resistant wheat accessions offering new material in crop nematode management program and for transferring resistance genes to desirable crop cultivars to H. filipjevi.