بررسی اثر آفتاب دهی خاک و آبیاری بعد از کشت بر جمعیت کنه زعفران (Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède) و عملکرد محصول

In this study, 30-day solarization effect by transparent plastic (In July 2011) and irrigation after cultivation was evaluated on saffron mite population and saffron (Corcus sativus L.) yield. Saffron was cultivated in June 2012 and the experiment was carried out as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications during 2012-2014 in Gonabad, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. Solarization and non-solarization treatments before cultivation were placed in the main plots and three treatments including without irrigation after cultivation, irrigation immediately after cultivation and irrigation 45 days after cultivation were placed in sub plots. The results showed that solarization treatment significantly reduced the population of mites and increase the yield, but the annual growth rate of mite population during the experiment period in solarization (r= 2.735±0.258 ) was higher than non-solarization (r=1.29±0.179) treatment at the significant level 0.05. The effect of irrigation after cultivation on mite population and saffron yield was also significant at 5% level, so that the least population of mite was observed in the treatment of without irrigation (29.28±8.21) and the highest saffron yield (kg/ha) was obtained in without irrigation after cultivation (2.74±0.16) and irrigation 45 days after cultivation (2.77±0.30) treatments; on the other hand, the highest annual growth rate of saffron mite during three years of harvesting was observed in irrigation 45 days after cultivation treatment. Based on this growth rate, it can be expected that the population will recover from the fourth year in irrigation after 45 days treatment. Finally, considering at least 5 years for the saffron yield period and predicting the growth rate of the mite population, it can be concluded that solarization in the first year and planting in the next year without irrigation later, is the most suitable treatment for controlling saffron mite and increasing yield.