ویژگی های زیستی زنبورهای Aphidius matricariae وPraon volucre روی شته Myzus persicae تحت تأثیر برهمکنش بین گونه ای زنبورهای پارازیتویید

Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an economic pest of bell pepper in greenhouse conditions. This aphid causes direct damage by sucking the sap from the plants and indirect damage by excreting honeydew and transmitting plant viruses. This pest damage causes quantity and quality yield reduction significantly. The parasitoid wasps belong to Aphidiinae subfamily (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is one of the safe and important methods to control of aphids especially in greenhouse conditions. Aphidius matricariae Haliday and Praon volucre (Haliday) have been commercially used for aphid management specifically against M. persicae on greenhouse crops. Biological control agents are frequently used in combination against pests in greenhouses. Interspecific interaction among biological control agents to gain highest food resource and highest reproduction can influence their successful to control host. In this research, biological characteristics of A. matricaria and P. volucre (before and after combination) were investigated on third nymphal instars of M. persicae on bell pepper (Marqueza variety) at 25±1°C, 60±5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 14: 10 (Light: Dark). The experiments started with 100 replications per treatment. The fecundity of parasitoid wasps (before and after combination) was studied with at least 40 replications. The interaction between parasitoid wasps on M. persicae caused female developmental time of A. matricariae increased from 11.03 days to 12.40 days and for P. volucre increased from 20.19 days to 22.54 days. The survival rate (lx) in newly emerged adults of A. matricariae and P. volucre on M. persicae decreased 11% and 5%, respectively influenced by interspecific interaction. Interspecific interaction between parasitoid wasps had negative effect on fecundity of A. matricariae and P. volucre. When parasitoids acting alone, fecundity of A. matricariae and P. volucre were 194.67±5.74 and 66.58±4.82 mummified, respectively but when both enemies acted together, fecundity decreased to 68.50±1.60 and 50.64±3.85 mummified, respectively. The interspecific interaction parasitoid wasps on M. persic‌ae resulted sex retio of A. matricariae decreased from 73% to 62% and for P. volucre decreased from 47% to 46%. Our findings provide fundamental information about importance of interspecific interaction between A. matricariae and P. volucre on M. persicae on bell pepper. These results can use in management program of M. persicae in greenhouse conditions.