ارزیابی اثر علف کش ها بر میزان عملکرد نخود پاییزه و انتظاری در استان کردستان

In order to evaluation of herbicide application on yield of winter and entezari cropping of chickpea this study was carried out during 2015-2016 in Kurdistan province. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design as strip plot with 16 treatments and 4 replications.The first factor consisted of winter and entezari chickpea and the second factor treatments included: pre emergence application of Pendimetalin at rate 2.5 lit/ha, Metribuzin at 0.4 kg/ha and Imazethapyr at 0.5 lit/ha and post emergence application of pyridate at 2.5 lit/ha, Isoxaflutole at 0.3 lit/ha, and Imazethapyr at 0.5 lit/ha, weeding and without weeding. The results showed that isoxaflotlet herbicide application in winter cropping of chickpea, with a 2651 kg/ ha had the highest yield after weeding (4349 kg/ ha).This treatment together with Pyridate and Imazethapyr as Pre-emergence herbicides, and Isoxaflutole treatments in Entezari cropping, that yielded 3107, 2098 and 2983 Kg/ha respectively, were in the same group statistically. The highest phytotoxicity in chickpea plants was caused by Metribuzin application in winter (92%) and entezari (96%) cropping cropping. Imazethapyr as pre and post-emergence application induced 42 and 24% phytotoxicity respectively. Pendimetalin and pyridate treatments caused the least phytoxicity. In General, weeding treated plots produced the highest yield and weed control (weed population and dry weight) in Kurdistan province, however due to high cost of labor in weeding, herbicide application could be used. Instead of weeding, Pyridate and Isoxaflutole, can be used in this area, because of better total weed control (ranged 50-53%), common weeds population reduction (75-100%) and less phytotoxicity, compare to other herbicides.