بیماری‌زایی برخی گونه‌های گرامینی‌کلوس همراه با گندمیان در جنوب ایران

Cereals are very important in human and animals nutrition. The leaves, roots and stems of these plants are prone to damage by graminicolous fungi such as Bipolaris, Curvularia and Exserohilum species. These species may cause different kinds of symptoms such as root rot, stem rot, leaf spot and leaf blight in the roots and crowns of Gramineae crops. This damage sometimes leads to complete decline. In order to evaluate the pathogenicity of three species of Bipolaris (B. australiensis, B. sorokiniana and B. spicifera), two species of Curvularia (C. papendorfii and C. verruculosa) and one species of Exserohilum (E. gedarefense) recovered from leaves, roots and crowns of Gramineae crops, during spring and summer 2017, in Bushehr, Fars, Khuzestan and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces a pathogenicity test was conducted on leaves and roots of Eram cultivar of barley, 504 cultivar of maize, Parosou cultivar of millet, Lanjan cultivar of rice, Sport cultivar of turf grass and Azar cultivar of wheat. A spore suspension containing 2×105spore ml-1 was applied for leaf inoculation and pots were inoculated using 200 g inoculated wheat per Kg soil for root inoculation. In both tests (after 10 d for leaves and 21 d for root tests) pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates were observed. This is the first report of potential pathogenicity of C. papendorfii in all tested plants, C. verruculosa in barley, millet, rice and wheat and B. australiensis in barley, maize, rice and turf grass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .