تاثیر عصاره‌ی آبی برگ کاج مدیترانه‌ای و سرو بر نماتد Meloidogyne javanica در شرایط آزمایشگاه

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate endoparasites. They are the most economically important plant parasitic nematodes worldwide. These nematodes are widely distributed and the relation between nematode and other pathogens have been demonstrated. Regarding the adverse effects of pesticides on ecosystems and potential negative effects on human health, we tried to find some herbal extracts to control root-knot nematodes as an alternative to synthetic chemical compounds. This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of aqueous leaf extract of Cupressus (Cupressus arizonica) and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) on egg hatching and mortality of second stage juveniles (J2s) of M. javanica under laboratory conditions. The leaf extracts were applied in concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2%. 10 ml of various concentrations of herbal extracts which is obtained by percolation method were added to petri dishes containing 100 eggs or J2s of M. javanica and petri dishes were incubated at 27ºC for 24, 72 and 120 hours under controlled conditions. Distilled water was used as control. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Results showed that leaf extract of both plants significantly increased the mortality rate of J2s and reduced egg hatching of M. javanica. Leaf extracts of Cupressus at the rate of 0.4% and Aleppo pine at the rate of 3.2%, prevented hatching up to 85.71% and 92.85%, and increase mortality of J2s up to 72.28% and 61.52%, respectively, as compared to control. Use of fresh aqueous extracts higher than mentioned concentrations lead to unhatched eggs and all of J2s were dead after 120 hours. According to the results of this study, lethal effect of Cupressus extracts against M. javanica were proved in laboratory conditions.