شناسایی برخی ویروئیدهای مهم انگور از‌تاکستان‌های استان زنجان

Based on the ICTV 10th report, viroids have classified into two families. Avsunviroidae family includes three genera Pelamoviroid, Avsunviroid and Elaviroid while Pospiviroidae family consists of five genera (Pospiviroid, Coleviroid, Cocaviroid, Hostuviroid, Apscaviroid) and grapevine viroids belong to this family. The aim of this research was to detect some important viroids from vineyard in Zanjan region. During growing seasons in 2016-2017, symptomatic and non-symptomatic samples were collected from vineyards in Zanjan. After total RNA extraction, cDNA was synthesized by HyperScriptTM RT master mix based on the instruction. In the PCR, GYSVd-1-mf (forward) and GYSVd-1-mRl, GYSVd-1-mR2 (Reverse) primers were applied to detect Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-1. Grapevine yellow speckle viroid-2 was detected by specific primers, GYSVd-2-Pl (forward), GYSVd-2-P2 (reverse). Hop stunt viroid was detected by HSVd-78P (forward) and HSVd-83 M (reverse) primers. The result revealed that a 368 bp fragment was amplified by specific primers of GYSVd-1 in 11 samples (10% of tested samples). In two samples (1.8% of tested samples) a 370 bp fragment was amplified by specific primers for GYSVd-2. Hop stunt viroid was detected in 15 samples (13.6% of tested samples) based on the amplified fragments with size of 308 bp. These viroids were detected in samples from various regions (Abhar, Zanjan and Tarom) in Zanjan province. Sequencing of some PCR-products and comparing them with sequences in GenBank and also their symptoms confirmed the presence of these viroids. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of grapevine viroids in Zanjan province.