پارامترهای زیستی و جدول زندگی دو جنسی سن- مرحله‏ی زنبور Encarsia formosa پارازیتوئید پوره‏های سفیدبالک گلخانه Trialeurodes vaporariorum

Biological parameters and age-stage two-sex life table of Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hym.: Aphelinidae), parasitoid of the nymphs of greenhouse white fly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) was studied in laboratory at 25 ± 2 ° C, RH 65 ± 10% and a photoperiod of 16: 8 h (L: D) on tomato, cucumber and eggplant using TWOSEX-MSChart (version 2015.002) software. The means and SEs were estimated using 100,000 Bootstrap replications. Based on the results, pre-adult developmental time of the wasp on tomato, cucumber and eggplant were 14.97±0.13, 15.67±0.15 and 17.77±0.18 days; longevity were 30.40±1.55, 37.11±2.08 and 34.15±1.85 days, and fecundity were estimated to be 166.16±6.31, 104.24±3.67 and 129.38±4.95 (eggs/ female), respectively. The survival rates of the pre-adult stages in the three host plants were 89, 87 and 80 percent, without significant differences. Comparison of the means of population growth parameters showed that in terms of the intrinsic rate of population increase (r) and net reproduction rate (R0) of the greenhouse white fly, the plants are divided into two separate groups. The intrinsic rate of population increase (r) in tomato, cucumber and eggplant were 0.239±0.004, 0.208±0.004 and 0.198±0.004 (d-1) respectively. With a significant differences, highest and lowest net reproduction rate (R0) were obtained in tomato (142.29±11.08 eggs) and cucumber (92.97±6.5 eggs), respectively. The finite rate of population increase (λ) in tomato, cucumber and eggplant were 1. 270 ± 0.005, 1.231 ± 0.005, and 1.220 ± 0.005 (day-1) and the generation time (T) were 20.77 ± 0.21, 21.77 ± 0.19 and 23.68 ± 0.23, respectively. The results of this study showed that host plants can affect the biological parameters and population growth of parasitoid E. formosa. This effect can be attributed to the characteristics of the host plant and the quality of the prey which influenced by the quality of the host plant.