بررسی میزان تجزیه کنندگی مواد رنگ‌زا توسط برخی از جنس‌های قارچ های عامل پوسیدگی سفید

The development of the industry and the increasing use of synthetic chemical compounds has increased the accumulation of sustained organic compounds in nature. Various methods have been proposed for the elimination of toxic contaminants, which one of them is bioremediation. Bioremediation and biodegradation are mainly carried out by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. Dyes are toxic and carcinogenic compounds produced during industrial processes that are released and accumulated in the environment. Dyes have a complex aromatic structure. These microorganisms produce enzymes that are capable of degrading the aromatic structure of dyes .To determine the capacity or efficiency of biodegradation of fungi causing white rot, three species, Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma lucidum and Hericium erinaceus were selected and the degradability of the dyes was investigated.The test, fungi were placed exposed to two dyes Indigo carmine and Malachite green. Color decomposition before and after inoculation and following growth of the fungal isolates were measured by optical spectrometry. White rot fungi can produce enzymes that break down the wood lignin. Lignin has a complex aromatic structure. Lignin degrading enzymes can decompose aromatic and phenolic compounds.Dyes are colorful and phenolic compounds, the color properties of which are exclusively influenced by their chemical structure. The results showed that all three species have good ability to decompose colored material, but the Trametes had a higher ability to decompose dyes than other two species, which indicates the high production of the enzymes that degrade phenolic compounds. For this reason, they can be used to refine contaminated soils and soils to petroleum compounds and to reduce the toxicity of these compounds.