مهار زیستی نماتود ریشه‌گرهی Meloidogyne incognita در گوجه‌فرنگی با استفاده از جدایه‌های قارچ Verticillium epiphytum

Species of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) cause 24 to 36 percent of the quantitative and qualitative damage to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Most nematode control methods do not have the necessary efficacy or in some cases, they are expensive and harmful to human and the environment. Therefore, alternative methods such as biological control can reduce or eliminate the use of chemical pesticides to control nematodes. In this study, the amount of biological control of M. incognita species in water-agar culture was determined using two isolates of Verticillium epiphytum, in laboratory conditions as well as in greenhouse conditions. The results of this study show a good control on egg hatching and indicated that only 3% of the eggs were hatched after seven days from treatment. Although 12 days after the start of the test, isolate No. 2 had the highest inhibitory effect by contaminating 99% of the eggs and was the best isolate. The survival test showed that there is no control on second age juvenile of this species of root knot nematode (99% survival) by isolates of these fungi. Among the treatments, the best treatment of plant height and fresh weight of the shoots was the arrival and settling of the fungus isolates in the soil and inoculation with the nematode after two weeks. However, in terms of plant height index and fresh weight of shoots when the isolate No. 2 was inoculated and then the nematode was inoculated, the maximum plant height and body weight were observed. This treatment was without significant difference with control without contamination and with significant difference with the isolate No. 1 of the fungus and was the best isolate and treatment. Indicators related to nematode such as Gal index, the number of egg masses, and egg numbers in the masses indicated that there was no control on second age juvenile. Therefore, the root infection was severe in Control treatments in the greenhouse. In this research, the ability of both isolates of V. epiphytum fungus to inhibit egg hatching of M. incognita and lack of inhibition of the second age juvenile in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions.