بررسی آزمایشگاهی امکان استفاده از نانوذرات مس و سیلیکون دربهبود کارایی کنترل بیولوژیک شانکر باکتریایی هسته‌داران با باکتری‌های آنتاگونسیت

The bacterial canker disease of ston fruit trees is one of the most important diseases of peach, apricot, nectarine, plum, cherry and ... in most parts of the world, including Iran, especially East Azarbaijan. Symptoms of bacterial canker disease are clearly visible in most areas of the cultivation of ston friut trees, and each year it causes severe damage to these trees. Control of bacterial canker disease is currently the biggest challenge for gardeners, and based on the available information, none of these control methods are capable of controlling the disease efficiently. Among the new controlling methods, the use of nanotechnology is a novelty approach. In the present study, antagonistic activity of 14 bacterial isolates which were prepared from the collection of bacteriology laboratory University of tabriz against pss and psm bacteria was used in laboratory conditions. Also, to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on increasing the biological control efficien, silicon and copper nanoparticles at concentrations of 1000, 100 and 10 mg/L were used. Experiments were conducted in three treatments: Application of antagonist bacteria alone, copper and silicon nanoparticles alone, and combination of nanoparticles and antagonistic bacteria. Among the 14 isolates belonging to the Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Entrobacter and Paenibacillus, four isolates were without inhibitory zone and 10 isolates produced a mean inhibitory zone of 2 to 7 cm in diameter. B3and B8 of Bacillus species were selected as isolates with the highest and lowest inhibitory effect, respectively and used for supplementary tests. The results of treatment of pathogenic bacteria with copper and silicon nanoparticles at concentrations of 1000, 100 and 10 showed that nanoparticles can significantly prevent growth of bacterial bacteria at different hours (12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 hours). Investigations showed that there were significant differences between the control group and the various concentrations of nanoparticles at 24 to 72 hours. The effect of nanoparticle was higher for psm comparing to pss. The results of the study on the effect of nano-silicon on bacterial pathogens at first 12 and 24 hours showed that there was no significant difference and had no effect on disease control, but between 36 and 72 hours there was some tangible difference between nanoparticle groups and controls. In conculsion, the results of this study showed that nanoparticles and antagonist bacteria separately have significant effect on bacterial agent of canker disease of stone fruit trees and can be used in control programs. Results also showed that combination of nanoparticle and antagonistic bacteria have no effect on improvement of control and in some cases, a negative effect also can be observed. Only in the treatment of nano silicon with B3 (Bacillus sp.) was a synergistic effect.