معرفی چند گونه جدید از قارچهای میکوریزی برای ایران

About the 80% of the sugar of the world is obtained from sugarcane; while sugarcane side products also are preliminary consumed in various industries such as chemical production, fermentation, papermaking, wood processing and producing of bio-fertilizers. Cultivation of sugarcane has a long history in Khuzestan province and today a land of 30,000 hectares is dedicated to the culture of this crop. Since sugarcane is a perennial plant, soil management practices are cost effective and causes the enhancement of crop production as well as soil protection against destructive factors. Mycorrhizal fungi are the main participants of the soil mycobiota; for millions of years they have been adapting themselves for a mutual relationship with plants. In this symbiosis they exchange water and mineral elements for sugar. High dependency of sugarcane to mycorrhizal fungi in one hand and high annual decrease of production due to monocropping on the other hand led us to study the mycoflora of sugarcane fields of Khuzestan province during the years of 2015-16. 64 complex soil samples were collected from the fields, air dried and submitted to the mycology laboratory of the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection. Spores from 50 g soil samples were isolated by using the wet sieving and decanting method proceeded with density gradient centrifugation. The spores were mounted in Two small drops of PVLG and PVLG+Melzer’s reagent , examined and identified according to morphological features. Several species of mycorrhizal fungi were identified, four of them are reported for the first time from Iran: Acaulospora. scrobiculatata, Entrophospora kentinensis, Gigaspora rosea and Rhizophagus custos.