بررسی تاثیر تغذیه کلسیم و سیلیسیم بر روی شاخص‌های زیستی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی، Tuta absoluta Meyrick در شرایط گلخانه‌ای

Excessive use of chemical pesticides in recent decades has caused problems in relation to the environment, human health, non-target organisms, water pollution and increased resistance of insects. Therefore, various strategies can be used, such as the use of nutrition for resistance to pests. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with four replications to assess the foliar application effect of calcium (2000 ppm), silicon (3000 ppm), mixture (calcium+silicon) on tomato (falat cultivar) for study the biologic indices of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick, that is one of the most important pests of agricultural crops, especially solanaceae family such as tomato, potato and eggplant. The experiment was conducted at the research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Mahabad branch. Density of larvae, pupae and adults, larvae and pupae periods, longevity of adults, larvae and pupae weights were studied on tomato cultivar (Falat) treated with different concentrations of calcium and silicon. Based on the results of variance analysis, spray application of calcium and silicon had a significant effect on all studied traits. Means comparison revealed the lowest density of larvae, pupae and adults was observed on mixture treatment (calcium+silicon) with means values of 17, 16 and 11 number per plant, respectively while the greatest density of larvae, pupae and adults was observed on control with means values of 21, 20 and 20 number per plant, respectively. The lowest and greatest larvae periods was observed on mixture treatment (calcium+silicon) and control with means values of 13.25 and 21 days, respectively, also, the lowest and greatest pupae periods was observed on mixture treatment (calcium+silicon) and control with means values of 16 and 20 days, respectively. The lowest and greatest longevity of adults was observed on mixture treatment (calcium+silicon) and control with means values of 19 and 38 days, respectively. The lowest larvae and pupae weights was observed on mixture treatmen (calcium+silicon) with means values of 8 and 6.5 mg, respectively. The greatest larvae and pupae weights was observed on control with means values of 23.25 and 22 mg, respectively. The results showed that calcium and silicon foliar application can be caused biological control of tomato leaf miner and can be reduced its injury.