شناسایی مولکولی قارچ‌های اندوفیت از سه گونه گیاه دارویی Papaver spp. ‬‏ از تیره خشخاش

Flor of medicinal plants papaveraceae family is very diverse and it is application in medicine industry too important. Endophytes are fungi that live within plant tissue without visible symptoms. The distinction of phytopathogenic fungi and symbiotic fungi is not clear and interaction between fungus and host plant is often variable. In order to identify the endophytic fungi from three species Papaver chelidoniifolium, Papaver pavoninum and Papaver rhoeas, samples were taken from stem node of healthy plants from different locations in Gorgan area, during the summer and autumn of 2017. Samples were surface sterilized with 70% ethanol (v/v) for 45 second, 1% sodium hypochlorite (v/v) for 30 second, and then washed three times with sterile distilled water. Samples were plated in potato dextrose agar culture medium and incubated at 25°C for 4 weeks. During this time, the fungi growing out of samples were isolated and purified by single spore and hyphal tip methods. In order to identify non-spore isolates and verify the authenticity of the findings based on morphological characteristics, molecular identification and sequencing of ITS regions (ITS4 and ITS5) from the ribosomal DNA were performed and then compared with GeneBank. In this study, 4 fungal species including Cladosporium tenuissimum, Purpureocillium lilacinum, Fusarium proliferatum and Lecanicillium sp. were respectively identified by conidia shape and their size, conidiophore, conidia type such as macroconidia and microconida as well as small conidia chains as endophytic fungi of Papaveraceae. This fungi are the first record of endophytic fungi from Papaveraceae in Iran and the world.