بررسی اثر تغذیه درختان انار برخسارت شب پره میوه انار در شرایط طبیعی

Pomegranate fruit moth (PFM), Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zell (Lep.: Pyralidae ) is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran. Economic loss causes by the pest in pomegranate orchards of Iran can range from 30% to 80% yield. The current work was carried out during two successive growing seasons (2014 and 2015). Pomegranate trees cv. ‘Bajestani’ were six years old, at 4 × 5 m spacing, received the same horticultural practices under drip irrigation system in a commercial orchard located at Khalilabad in Khorasan-Razavi Province, Iran. In this research, effect of nutritional program was studied on damage of PFM. Chemical (Ch) and humic-fulvic (Hf) treatments was selected based on nutritional program (macro & micro nutrients in 13 stage) and biologic treatment (B) in 7 stage, through soil, irrigation and spray applications according to the nutritional needs of pomegranate . Organic fertilizers including: cow manure (Cm) (25 kg/tree), vermicompost (V) (5 kg/tree), and were applied with/without chemical fertilizers by placement method in winter. 11 treatments, 6 repetitions for each treatment and 66 trees were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) .Trees were checked once a week for infested fruits. Pomegranate fruit infestation was expressed as a fraction of infected fruits (both dropped and those were retained on tree) to the total number of fruit per tree. Results showed, significant differences between nutritional treatments with control (Ct) at first year and with some of treatments at second year. Results showed that plants treated by Chemical (Ch) and humic-fulvic (Hf) treatment and their combination with organic fertilizers had lower fruit infestation significantly compared with plants treated by organic fertilizers individually in both years. The most infestation fruits were observed in control treatment (no nutrition) (38.07%, 31.44%) in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Results of second year showed that Hf treatment, 14% decreased fruit infestation compared with control treatment .Therefore; this nutritional program has potential to be used in correct management of pomegranate orchards to reduce the PFM injuries