بررسی اثر تیمارهای مختلف بر شکست خواب و جوانه‌زنی بذر علف هرز مهاجم آروم درشرایط آزمایشگاه

Arum sp. is a perennial plant of Araceae that its spread has been occurred in citrus and kiwifruit orchards of Mazandaran province in the recent years. Female and male flowers are located in the lower and upper parts of spadix within a milky white spathe. Fruits are orange red berries that ripen in early summer. Fruit drop will lead to a large distribution of seeds on the ground. Due to seed and rhizome reproduction, it grows rapidly in the ground and competes with the trees in absorption of water and nutrients. Like most weeds, seeds of Arum sp. have a dormancy in normal conditions. Therefore, knowing the factors affecting the seed dormancy breaking and seed germination plays a significant role in the weed control. Effect of different levels of gibberellic acid (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm) and potassium nitrate (0, 0.01, 0.5, 2, 5 and 10 g/mole) was evaluated in dark and rotational light periods (14 hr light and 10 hr dark) in a randomized complete block design with three replications at plant protection department of citrus and subtropical fruits research center. Seeds of Arum collected from the orchards, washed and disinfected with a 0.5 percent of sodium hypochlorite. The results showed that gibberellic acid decreased seed germination under dark condition. The germination increased with increasing concentrations. In light periods, concentrations of 25 to 100 ppm caused reduction in germination compared with the control treatment. Potassium nitrate did not affect on dormancy and seed germination in the studied conditions.