بررسی اثر مدیریت به‌باغی در کاهش عارضه پژمردگی و خشکیدگی خوشه خرمای رقم مضافتی در منطقه ریگان و فهرج در استان کرمان

In recent two decades, Date bunch fading disorder is one of the most important disorders of date growers in Kerman, Booshehr, Khouzestan, Hormozgan and Fars Provinces of Iran. In Kerman Province, the damage of the disorder was too much that sometimes it is 100%, especially, in Fahraj and Rigan regions. Researches on the disorder showed that cultural practices management can reduce damage of the disorder, so during 2012-2013, three Mozafati date garden were selected in the regions to do cultural practices. In every date garden, fifty infected date palms were selected and the most treatment activities (cultural practice) were done, including weed control, leaf pruning, frond stub removing, nutrition of trees with macro nutrients (N, P, K) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Ca) fertilization done based on soil analysis in winter and cutting back 1/3 of inflorescence length at pollination stage, inter-cropping with alfalfa or sorghum in spring and covering of bunches by mat-like bags and covering of bunch stalks with leaf fibers at the early stage of khalal. At the control part 25 infected date palms were selected and none of those cultural practices were laid out. At the time of harvesting, bunches of the trees were surveyed and data of disorder severity of the trees were collected. Data were analyzed and evaluated by T-test statistical program with SAS software. The results showed that disorder severity was decreased significantly in three date cultivation by applying date cultural practices (P<1%). In Rigan region, disorder severity was decreased from 26.12 to zero percent and in Fahraj, from 34.69 to 1.29 percent in first date cultivation and from 40.20 to 1.98 percent in second date cultivation. In addition, it was increase yield and some fruit quantities.